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James Phillippo (1798, Norfolk, England – 11 May 1879, Spanish Town, Jamaica) was a Baptist missionary who campaigned for the abolition of slavery.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tour 3-Historic Spanish Town )〕 ==Early years as a missionary== Phillippo sailed for Jamaica in 1823 and arrived at a time of great transition: the slave trade had been banned in 1807, and in 1823 propositions to abolish slavery itself were brought in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom but rejected with little hope of success. Despite the legislation being unsuccessful, mission workers in Jamaica, especially Baptists, were criticized by the white population, the press, and the colonial government for being in league with the anti-slavery camp, with the "intention of effecting our ruin".〔(James Phillipo, ''Jamaica: Its Past and Present State'', J. Snow, 1843, p. 134. )〕 The plantation owners were strongly against the preaching of the gospel to the slaves. They were upset that the nonconformist missionaries (chiefly Baptist, Wesleyan and Methodist) were educating slaves and teaching them the Bible, and reacted by burning down churches and schools.〔(Acts of violence against Jamaican Missionaries )〕 At the time of the abolition of slave trade in 1807, there were 350,000 slaves in Jamaica. By 1823, there were still over 300,000 slaves remaining on the island, all of whom were prohibited by law from practicing any form of religion.〔(Number of slaves in Jamaica )〕 When Phillippo arrived in Jamaica in 1823, he immediately set out to build places of worship and to preach religion to the slaves.〔(Phillipo (1843), p. 61. )〕 He was denied permission to preach to slaves several times, but this did not stop him,〔(Phillippo challenges authority )〕 and in spite of the fact that he regularly received threats of imprisonment from authorities and he was the target of numerous death threats from planters, he continued to set up new chapels, schools, Sunday schools and Bible classes, and preached in towns where his preaching ban was not common knowledge. There was great enthusiasm from the slaves to hear the word of God and crowds of people came to church. In 1825, Phillippo was finally granted permission to preach.〔(Phillippo receives permission to preach to slaves )〕 He founded a church in Spanish Town in 1827, which still stands today, and is known as the Phillippo Baptist Church.〔(Historical Phillippo Baptist Church )〕 In 1831 Phillippo was unwell and needed to return to England. In February 1832 news arrived of a slave insurrection in Jamaica. Houses had been burnt, the militia called out, and several missionaries had been arrested, including the Baptist missionaries William Knibb, Whitehorn and Abbott. The enraged planters had destroyed ten Baptist chapels and mission houses. The uprising was quickly overthrown, and many hundreds of slaves were killed.〔(Slave uprising of 1832 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Phillippo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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